Penanaman Tasamuh dan Ta’adul Melalui Metode Pembelajaran Humanistik di STAI Ma’had Aly Al Hikam Malang

Abstract

This study aims to explore the implementation of humanistic theory in the course Learning Theory and Instruction of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) as a medium for internalizing the values of religious moderation, particularly tasamuh (tolerance) and ta’adul (justice), within STAI Ma’had Aly Al-Hikam Malang. The research employed a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation of teaching materials, and were then analyzed thematically using Miles and Huberman’s interactive model. The findings reveal that PAI learning based on humanistic theory creates a safe, reflective, and diversity-respecting learning environment. The lecturer’s strategies (including classroom humanization, reflective discussions, differentiated assignments, inclusive group work, and role modeling) proved effective in fostering tolerant and fair attitudes among students. The values of tasamuh and ta’adul were not only transmitted cognitively but also internalized through social interactions, learning experiences, and student-centered approaches. This study emphasizes that a humanistic approach to religious education not only enhances the effectiveness of the learning process but also shapes students’ religious character to be moderate, open-minded, and contextual. The results contribute to the development of curriculum and PAI learning practices in Islamic higher education, making them more responsive to the challenges of diversity and the strengthening of national values.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi implementasi teori humanistik dalam mata kuliah teori belajar dan pembelajaran PAI sebagai sarana internalisasi nilai-nilai moderasi beragama, khususnya tasamuh (toleransi) dan ta’adul (keadilan), di lingkungan STAI Ma’had Aly Al-Hikam Malang. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi perangkat ajar, lalu dianalisis secara tematik dengan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran PAI yang berlandaskan teori humanistik menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang aman, reflektif, dan menghargai keberagaman. Strategi dosen yang mencakup humanisasi kelas, diskusi reflektif, diferensiasi tugas, kerja kelompok inklusif, dan keteladanan, terbukti mampu menumbuhkan sikap toleran dan adil dalam diri mahasiswa. Nilai-nilai tasamuh dan ta’adul tidak hanya ditransmisikan secara kognitif, tetapi diinternalisasi melalui interaksi sosial, pengalaman belajar, dan pendekatan yang memanusiakan mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa pendekatan humanistik dalam pembelajaran agama tidak hanya memperkuat efektivitas proses belajar, tetapi juga membentuk karakter keberagamaan mahasiswa yang moderat, terbuka, dan kontekstual. Hasil ini memberi kontribusi bagi pengembangan kurikulum dan praktik pembelajaran PAI di perguruan tinggi Islam agar lebih responsif terhadap tantangan keberagaman dan penguatan nilai-nilai kebangsaan.

Kata Kunci: Teori Humanistik, Moderasi Beragama, Tasamuh, Ta’adul, Pendidikan Agama Islam.